Overexposure to cold may result in hypothermia and frostbite.
Symptoms of hypothermia include pale skin, lethargy, confusion and hallucinations if untreated unconsciousness follows with shallow breathing and an irregular heartbeat.
Frostbite symptoms include areas of skin turning red, blue or a grey/white, pain, numbness and stiffness, especially in fingers, toes, ears and nose.
In both cases, medial attention should be sought.
Strategies to avoid hypothermia and frostbite include dressing in layers, wearing a hat, avoid dehydration, limit alcohol consumption and avoid prolonged outdoor activity.
Remember not to leave pets outside for long either – they are at risk from the cold the same as people.